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Exemptions from garnishment; minimum protected account balance; certain benefit payments; procedure for financial institutions. Requires certain financial institutions to automatically exempt from garnishment (i) a minimum protected account balance, defined in the bill as the combined total of not more than $1,000 in a judgment debtor's account or across multiple accounts in the same financial institution, and (ii) a protected amount of certain benefit payments, defined in the bill, that have been deposited into the account via direct deposit or electronic deposit within the two months immediately preceding the day before a financial institution commences an account review. The bill describes an account review as a process of examining an account of a judgment conducted by a financial institution upon such financial institution's receipt of a garnishment summons to determine if any eligible benefit payments have been deposited within the applicable time period and, if so, to calculate the total sum of such benefit payments and establish the total as a protected amount that shall be automatically exempt from garnishment. The bill provides that such procedure to automatically exempt such funds shall not apply if the debt arises from a child support or spousal support obligation or if an exemption is otherwise prohibited by law.The bill further provides that a judgment debtor is not required to claim nor request a hearing for such automatic exemptions. Finally, the bill makes updates to the relevant provisions governing garnishment proceedings, notices to the garnishee and judgment debtor, and the form of a garnishment summons consistent with the provisions of the bill. This bill is identical to HB 601.
Introduced
Jan 13, 2026
Last Action
Mar 10, 2026
Session
VA 2026
Sponsors
1 primary · 0 co
Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 13, 2026
Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 10, 2026
Enrolled
Signed by President
Signed by Speaker
Bill text as passed Senate and House (SB301ER)
Passed House (81-Y 15-N 0-A)
Read third time
Read second time
Reported from Courts of Justice (18-Y 4-N)
Placed on Calendar
Read first time
Referred to Committee for Courts of Justice
Read third time and passed Senate (21-Y 19-N 0-A)
Engrossed by Senate as amended (Voice Vote)
Courts of Justice Amendments agreed to
Read second time
Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 1st reading) (40-Y 0-N 0-A)
Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote)
Rules suspended
Reported from Courts of Justice with amendments (8-Y 6-N)
Senate committee offered
Rereferred from Commerce and Labor to Courts of Justice (15-Y 0-N)
Referred to Committee on Commerce and Labor
Prefiled and ordered printed; Offered 01-14-2026 26105000D
Get a plain-English explanation of what this bill does, who it affects, and why it matters.
Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 13, 2026
Schuyler T. VanValkenburg